Fromms Aggression Essays - Dispute Resolution, Ethics, Crime

2.Fromm claims that humans do more defensive (benign) aggression than other animals do. Under this thinking Fromm broke defensive aggression down into three separate categories. One, accidental, example would be someone hurting another without the intention to doing so. Second, is playful, this is when the use of skill or sport would be displayed. Aggression may come out in competitiveness. Third, is self-assertive which focused on moving toward a goal with no doubt and little fear. The link between male hormones and how it affects the levels of violence is sited. Fromm does evaluate humans and animals and the common interests we share in protecting certain environmental conditions. Fromm also claims that humans use violence in ways that other animals do not. ?Only man seems to take pleasure in destroying life without any reason or purpose other than that of destroying? (E.Fromm, p.211). Malignant aggression is driven with an intention to hurt even though no threat is present. We are driven to adapt to our vast multiple environments and challenges that we are confronted with. The main feature that human possesses over animals is the ability of imagination. We not only react to the actual reality that is present in front of us but prepare for all possibility of what might happen in the future. We apply reason to our thought process and at times we attempt to exercise our limitations. In closing, Fromm divided aggression into either benign or malignant violence. Either having the intent to harm or not. The diversity between man and animals is the characteristics that include imagination, reason, and self-awareness. In my viewpoint, we will continue to adapt to our conditions. Conditions will continue to change. We will apply reason behind our actions to justify our behavior. We try to better connect to nature but our greatest battle is with each other. 3.Fromm claims that cultures actually get more violent as they become more civilized. Fromm?s view point of human kind is historically based on archaeology, anthropology, psychology of violence and the development of social issues. ?Most primitive societies were not capable of war because war requires a sophisticated level of conceptualization. Most primitive societies could not imagine an organization necessary to conquer or defeat a neighbor.? (E.Fromm, p. 173.) The idea was that primitive people had no need for violence. Early societies did not have an impulse to fight. Early culture worked on a principle on survival and cooperation. Based on archaeology the evidence reflected back to a society that existed for over eight hundred years with the nonexistence of violence so therefore they lived in peace. There was verification that the family and social life centered on a mother-goddess. This was a culture based on a equilateral society that each member was important and had a purpose. Members supported each other and the center of life was the mother-nature. Primitive people soon changed and agricultural soon made social progress and development. The agricultural revolution brought with it a change in a standard in living and in higher cognitive thought process. The introduction of surplus and division of labor resulted in the discovery of free will and control. There was a sudden shift in the understanding that humans were now in control of the world and the focus was no longer on the dependency of mother earth. Civilization is seen as progress and progress is viewed as a changed in our living conditions. Human violence is our response to social conditions or our disapproval to those conditions. Modern cultures of today believe they have reason to use violence and justify cruelty in order to deliberately apply it so that their goal can be achieved.

Why Cold Weather Makes You Pee

Why Cold Weather Makes You Pee Does it seem like you have to pee more when youre cold or when its cold outside than when its warm? Its not just your imagination!   When you are cold, your body wants to protect your vital internal organs from the temperature change. It does this by constricting capillaries in your hands and feet through a process called peripheral vasoconstriction. Your extremities get cold, but toasty warm blood bathes your core. This means there is more blood in a smaller volume, which raises blood pressure, causing your brain to signal the kidneys to remove liquid from your blood. Your urine volume is increased and you need to urinate. In addition to the effects of vasoconstriction, cold temperatures change how permeable cells are to water. Proteins called aquaporins act as channels to allow water in and out of cells more quickly than through osmosis. When body temperature starts to drop, aquaporins limit the amount of water allowed into some cells, including kidney and brain cells. Less water going into cells translates into more water in the bloodstream. Here too, your brain tells your kidneys to remove the excess water, filling your bladder and making you need to pee. Is Drinking Alcohol a Good Way to Keep You Warm? If you drink an alcoholic beverage to feel warm, youll likely make the situation even worse. The alcohol will dehydrate you, in part because it also inhibits aquaporins. Alcohol acts as a diuretic, so your body thinks it needs even less water than it was holding onto before you took that first sip. Alcohol does make you feel warm but actually hastens hypothermia by expanding the capillaries. From this effect, youd need to pee less, but the continued drop in temperature would eventually lead you to pee more and could kill you from cold. Another factor to consider is perspiration. If youre cold, youre not losing moisture through perspiration. When its hot, youre slowly (or quickly) becoming dehydrated by sweating. If you feel cold, youre retaining water compared with when youre warm.

Module review questions Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Module review questions - Coursework Example Contrastingly, the file processing approach displaces user information into a set of different files. Consequently, this makes retrieval of information very hard and time consuming. For example, a banking system stores customer account data into a well-defined database management system with an integrated application for data retrieval. Conversely, the file processing approach separates customer data into different files and has no specific application for data retrieval. Hence, it becomes hard to locate a particular file using the file processing approach (Panneerselvam, 2003). -The database management approach also allows users to edit and change file details while the file processing approach does not. For example, a database management system provides a predefined set of commands for editing data. However, on application such as spreadsheet one is unable to make data editing using file processing approach (Panneerselvam, 2003). -The database management approach is also advantageous in the configuration of access privileges. That is, it has better data security compared to the file processing approach. For example, in this approach top managers and database administrator can have access to almost all resources while junior employees and other workers have only specific data access. Contrastingly, in the file processing approach, all the users have the same level of data access or control (Panneerselvam, 2003). It is vital to acknowledge that wireless information appliances and services will have great effect on business use of internet and web. This is particularly by virtualization of business operations to promote doing business anywhere and at any preferred time. Business people along with their customers, will own a significant number of wireless devices such as tablets, smartphones, wireless pocket PCs among others. Consequently, this will allow all time access to the